Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 190

Summary - Essay Example Moreover, another problem is that women often can’t find financially reliable men, as the majority of available men are lack of jobs. One more reason for one-parent families is that women are capable of managing themselves along with their children without men because of getting a great support from government. However, this pattern indeed works for Sweden but is less applicable to Iceland. There are certain programs of financial support that help single mothers in raising their children. Furthermore, the main argument why women have become more capable of living without men is the raise of women’s employment that has developed so far. Women can afford raise their expenses and omit financial support from men because more and more women are getting high-paid positions. Even though marriage has multiple advantages, including financial factors, still many people (especially it concerns women) worldwide keep choosing raising their children all by themselves, because it may be easier for them and they don’t want to get involved into relationships or marriage bond. As far as the structure of family has changed a lot so far, the problem of elderly people and the generation they form has risen rapidly and became an issue for many countries. The point is that generations have stopped living together and the elderly people often can’t take care of themselves; moreover, they can’t move in their children’s places and stay with them in order to get care from their relatives. The article â€Å"The Changing Family and â€Å"Social Security†: A Look at Japan† describes how Japan deals with this problem nowadays. The way that Japanese typical family used to be constructed was that young people lived together with their parents and it was a kind of moral debt to take care of their parents when they become old. However, the tradition has been changed so far and now only 9 percent of families live according to this filial piety model of family. Hence,

Development of Women during the 1920's to the 1930's Essay

Development of Women during the 1920's to the 1930's - Essay Example She says, "No change had a greater impact on women's roles than the transition from primarily an agricultural economy to a corporate, commercial, industrial one, a change that took slowly over decades Harrison (1997)." She goes on to note that this was particularly true of the African American woman's movement in that, "Urban working-class mothers, especially African-Americans, themselves engaged in industrial production or domestic work for pay; by 1920, about 9 percent of married women worked outside the home for wages (Harrison, 1997)." Harrison goes on to note the complex way in which The Great Depression effected the transition of women being housewives to contributing to the working class. During The Great Depression unemployment rates rose to 25 percent and with many men out of work, their wives were subject to do remedial jobs that men wouldn't take like house cleaning, nursing, dry cleaning and secretary jobs, as Harrison notes "in fact most women worked only at jobs that men did not do and so by the start of World War II, almost 15 percent of wives were working, up from 12 percent at the beginning of 1930. The remedial work women suffered through during 1920 to 1930 eventually escalated during World War I when men were sent off to war. There was a void in the working class and women were needed to take on jobs that were traditionally reserved just for men. The image of the hardworking American woman became personified in the billboard plastering's of the "Rosie the Riveter" image. Millions of women gained access to government and non-military factory jobs and as Harrison notes during World War I, "The percentage of women in the work force went from pre-war figures of 25 percent to a wartime peak of 38 percent (Harrison, 1997)." These work figures are significant because it was through employment women could establish self-worth and liberate themselves from a dependence on men for personal survival. These higher paying positions were temporary though, and as soldiers returned from war women were quickly weeded out of industry positions and this began a trend of women leaving the labor force and focusing on raising families leading into the late 1940's on through to the 60's. Despite the transition for equal rights during the 1920's and 30's, women still had slim to no authority over their identity or future as it applied to their place in society in the United States. During this period there were excessive reports of domestic violence, and in the medical world women were habitually over-diagnosed with having psychological disorders and in many cases sent away to medical facilities. No work better captures the complexities of this issue and time in American history than Sylvia Plath's "The Bell Jar." In her article, "A Ritual For Being Born Twice" Sylvia Plath's The Bell Jar, Marjorie G. Perloff analyzes the popular appeal the novel holds among young women. The concept of the emotional distress that comes from illness conflicting with the psychological and social boundaries, used to confine women during the 1930's, is interpreted as a major contribution to the books growing fan base. The major draw the book has is the complex nature of Esther's dysfunct ions. She is mentally ill in a way that leaves her situation

Managerial economics

Managerial economics Question I : Why would a firm choose to remain in an industry in which it makes an economic profit of zero? Name a Vietnamese firm that does this. A firm will make an economic profit of zero if its sale is a normal profit. In other words, it   cover both out of pocket expense and its opportunity cost or accounting profit equals the opportunity cost. It means that economic = 0 which be called normal profit. Suppose that, accounting profit exceeds the opportunity cost is called economic profit, beside that, accounting profit less than opportunity cost is called economic loss. In short run, a company want to maximize its profit (or minimize its loss) should produce at a certain level where additional revenue is equal to the additional cost of producing as MR = MC rule. However, the market price is not always enough high, the company get an economic profit. So it will face to out put price at the normal profit or even operating loss. The company gets an economic profit of zero when the price equals the average cost (AC) or following the formula: MC = MR = P = AC. At this time, the its sale covers fix cost, varible cost and opportunity cost so that, the firm remains in an industry and to get economic income in future. In Vietnam, firms sell its product with high competition market in the main farm maket. They sell its product at the the profit only enough for their opportunity cost. Because of all most this compay are belong the state company, so that, managers are requested to get profit at least equal interest rate. They must ensure their workersalary. Question II : How realistic is the assumption of constant variable unit costs in volume cost profit analysis? Does it detract a great deal from the value of this analysis? What is a large volume firm in Vietnam that probably has a variable unit cost?   Volume cost profit analysis is an economic analysis which is used in sure situation. It evaluate the affect of change in quantity of product on cost and profit. It bases on some limiting assumptions when the price, average variable cost are constant. So the firm may forcast its cost and sales. Conducting a break even analysis is a formula of simple math as: Break even Point = Fiwed Costs / (Unit Selling Price Variable Cost)  Ã‚   As Keat and Young (2009) wrote, â€Å"if we assum the relationship between average variable cost and price for each product remains the same and the quantities of various products are produced in constant proportions, such as assumption does not appear to be unrealistic for relatively small changes in total revenue†. However, as we known, if the company produces more than a product, which each of products has a different price and a different variable cost. So we not use above formular to caculate Break even Point. But others consider it like the most way. This analysis does not detract form its value in assumption. All most of firms in Vietnam are at small or medium size. They have variable cost and produce just one or two products. They can estimate the quantity of each at constantproportion and use average variable cost per unit to caculate the Break even Point. Question III : Price discrimination is often defended on the basis of equity. What is meant by this statement? Comment on its validity in terms of a USA company selling some products in Vietnam in relatively cheaper prices than in the USA. Price discrimination is a statement which an identical product is sold in different market at different prices. There are three degrees price discrimination. First degree of price discrimination, the firm will charge prices along demand curve all the way to the point where demand equals marginal cost. Second degree of price discrimination happens when a company use a differential price by block of service. For example in telecommunication fields in Vietnam, the price of first block of 30s per a call is different from the next block after 30s. Third degree of price discrimination is the most popular. The production may go up if the demand curve is not straight line. So customers willing to pay at low price to get the benefit than in condition of a single price monopoly, beside that, others will pay higher prices in lower price. USA firms sell several products in Vietnam with cheapper prices than in the USA. For example: the Microsoft sofware is sold in Vietnam with cheapper prices than in the USA. Almost Vietnamese can get it while in America, they can not affort to buy. Because the Vietnam market is more competitive than USAmarket. And finally, the demand curve in Vietnam market is more elastic than USAmarket. Question IV : Briefly explain the structure-conduct-performance approach to the study of industrial economic. How does this approac fit in the Vietnamese economy? The structure conduct performance (S-C-P) is used to connect elements of market structure to performance in industrial economics. On the other hand, this structure studies the way that firms and markets are organized and affected to the economy from point of view of social welfare. The industry structure is the basic of S-C-P which include buyer and seller concentration, product differentiation, condition of entry, and the elasticity of demand for the product. Performance is the measured in terms of welfare maximization. Besides, conduct is reqired pricing strategies, promotion, advertising, product development, legal tactics, and choice of product as well as the potential for collusion among companies. As Keat and Young (2009) pointed out that: â€Å"An in dusstry market with great concentration will fall far short of reaching such a goal. Its performance will be marked by both productive and allocative inefficiencies. Price will be above marginal cost, the choice and ultimately profits will be higher than under competitive circumstances. This high level of profitability arises from the industrys pricing policy and not because of any cost advantages†. (p. 374). The outcome of S-C-P method is that high industry concentration becomes a cause for the intervention of government against possible mergers. In Vietnam, the S-C-P approach is applicable for strategy researchers. It helps to evaluate the existence of competition in the industry, moreover, it measures the performance of industry and finds out its potential. Question V : Suppose the Sri Lanka government awarded contracts to private companies to rebuild the countrys infrastructure damaged by the tsunami and it based its contracts on a percentage of the cost of the reconstruction. Would this constitute a moral hazard? If so, what would the government need to do to prevent such a problem? Are these kinds of â€Å"cost plus† contracts used in Vietnam? By whom? The term of Mral hazard is appeared when a loan is made the private companies may choose to change transaction. Then, this company receive the loan, it is easier to get the money to use other purposes. Sri lanka government awarded contracts to private companies to rebuild the countrys infrastructure damage by the tsunami and it based its contracts on a percentage of the cost of reconstruction. This situation it a cost-plus price practive. In other words, the private firm will caculate the varible cost, add to it an allocation for fixed cost, after that add a profit percentage to reach a total cost of the contract. May be lead to the prolem of moral hazard so that, private firms will try go down its cost due to increase their earning. Consequently, the project is the lower quality. The government have to control closely and enforce a quality level after the contract is signed. There are many contruction in Vietnam which Vietnamese government awards contracts to build such as: buildings, bridges and highways. They also used the cost-plus pricing in contracts. However, to avoid the problem of moral hazard, the government may choose prestigious companies and apply o procedure to control better quality of projects. Question VI : How is the companys optimal capital budget determined? Does the decision-making process in this case resemble the procedure used in determined the price and quantity of output? How? The key of optimal capital bubget determined is the evaluating worth of investment projects. It means that capital project must be used correctly the cash flow and the time value of money. There are two methods which are considered as: the payback method and the accounting rate of return method. The payback method calculate the period of time essentially to get back the original investment. The accounting rate of return method is outcome (percentage) from average annual profits. These methods discount cash flows to the net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) and profitability index (PI). There is a capital budgeting model which companies should use to optimize capital budgeting plan. Every project will be used internal rate of return (IRR) due to compare with marginal cost of capital (MCC) to search the optimal point on the graph.(with the vertical axis is IRR and MCC, the horizontal axis is the investment capital) where the capital budgeting of the firm is optimixed. When IRR = MCC, at that time, that is the point of the optimal investment budget. In addition, it also similar the procedure used in determing the price and quatity of out put, the company should operate a capacity where the marginal revenue (MR) equas the maginal cost (MC), MR = MC. More importantly, firms should do the amount of the investments at the point where the internal rate of return (IRR) equals the marginal cost of capital (MCC), IRR = MCC. Question VII : Explain the difference between the Moving Averrage approach and Exponential smoothing approach to forecasting. Which do you think would be better for your company? Why? The moving average approach and exponential smoothing approach is also called smoothing method. This method use an averrage of past observation to forecast future if we consider that the future is the reflection of several of past result. Acctually, the past observation to forecast one period ahead . the equation is following: E t+1 = ( Xt + Xt-1 ++ Xt-N+1 ) / N Where: E t+1 = Next (t+1) forecast period Xt , Xt-1 = Actual valual at their respective times N = Number of observation included in average Exponential smoothing method is different the moving average method. We can see its treat all the past observation as the same degree of important. However, the forecaster would belive the older past result the lesser suitable to future trend. So that, the exponential smoothing method the smaller weighing factor for older past results in the following: E t+1 = wXt + (1-w)Et Where: w is the weight assigned to an actual observation at period t. Making forecast, the fore caster no need collecting previous result as many as moving average method needs. More importantly, the w value is determined. In summary, both these forecasting methods have several advantages and disadvantages. The advantage is the simplicity of method. So two methods should be used just for short term estimates. Question VIII : A firm is making a long-run planning decision. It wants to decide on the optimal size of plant and labor force. It is considering building a medium-sized plant and hiring 100 workers. Engineering estimates suggest that at those levels, the marginal product of capital will be 100 and the marginal product of labor will be 75. If the wage rate is $5 and the rental rate on capital is $10, is the firmmaking right decision? Support your aswer. We have: MPL = 75, MPK = 100 with (L = labor: variable input; K = Capital: varible input) To maximize its profit, the firm must use two inputs (labor and capital) to meet the denmand of marginal revenue of K and L input. Wage rate of labor: w = $5 Rental rate on capital: r = $10 Leading to:   MPL   / w = 75/5 = 15 (1) MPK   / r = 100/10 = 10 (2) From (1) (2), we can see that the firm is not making the right decision or they should hire more labor and reduce capital rental value.  

Blindness Essay -- essays research papers fc

The term blindness implies total or partial loss of vision involving both eyes. The exact level of vision defined as blindness, however, varies in different countries because of differing legal or social requirements. In the United States, blindness is defined as unimprovable vision of 20/200 (6/60) or worse. This means that an individual is generally considered blind who, even with the use of ordinary eyeglasses, can see no better at 20 ft (6 m) than a person with normal vision can see at 200 ft (60 m). On the other hand, the World Health Organization (WHO) Program Advisory Group on the Prevention of Blindness lists the vision level suggested as blindness as a visual acuity of less than 10/200 (3/60), which is twice as low as the U.S. definition. The WHO level of visual acuity is also described as the inability to count fingers in daylight at a distance of 10 ft (3 m), because in many regions a great number of people cannot receive formal eye examinations but may be tested by unspecialized personnel. From data available in the mid-1980s, the number of persons worldwide who have a visual acuity of less than 10/200 is estimated as 28 million. This level of handicap precludes an individual from functioning effectively in the community without special assistance and rehabilitation (see BLIND, EDUCATION OF THE). Were the definition of blindness instead taken as 20/200, as is done in a number of industrialized countries besides the United States, t... Blindness Essay -- essays research papers fc The term blindness implies total or partial loss of vision involving both eyes. The exact level of vision defined as blindness, however, varies in different countries because of differing legal or social requirements. In the United States, blindness is defined as unimprovable vision of 20/200 (6/60) or worse. This means that an individual is generally considered blind who, even with the use of ordinary eyeglasses, can see no better at 20 ft (6 m) than a person with normal vision can see at 200 ft (60 m). On the other hand, the World Health Organization (WHO) Program Advisory Group on the Prevention of Blindness lists the vision level suggested as blindness as a visual acuity of less than 10/200 (3/60), which is twice as low as the U.S. definition. The WHO level of visual acuity is also described as the inability to count fingers in daylight at a distance of 10 ft (3 m), because in many regions a great number of people cannot receive formal eye examinations but may be tested by unspecialized personnel. From data available in the mid-1980s, the number of persons worldwide who have a visual acuity of less than 10/200 is estimated as 28 million. This level of handicap precludes an individual from functioning effectively in the community without special assistance and rehabilitation (see BLIND, EDUCATION OF THE). Were the definition of blindness instead taken as 20/200, as is done in a number of industrialized countries besides the United States, t...

Essay on Language Diversity Essay

Language diversity is an important topic for all South Africans to consider since we have 11 official languages. This means that we are challenged when it comes to being able to communicate with one another. This challenge presents itself in various forms, from the workplace to people’s daily lives and personal outlooks surrounding different cultures. Language diversity also influences important issues such as education, Government and adoption. Adoption in South African families is a good example of the language challenges South Africans face. If a family decides to adopt a child from another language, they are essentially uprooting the child from its heritage. If the child is only a baby when it’s adopted, it should be able to integrate into its new family with relative ease, because culture is learned and not inherited. However, if the child is a bit older and has lived some of his/her formative years in his/her original language and culture, the adoptive parents run the risk of not being able to fully understand their child, its unique cultural/ethnic needs/beliefs and/or methods of communication. Families who adopt toddlers, children and/or teenagers from different cultural and language backgrounds will only be able to cope with the unique parental challenges they will face through undertaking to learn about the community their child is from. Although it is important for such parents to integrate their adoptive children into their own cultural practices, so that the child feels truly part of the new family, it is also important that the child’s traditional beliefs and practices are understood by the parents, and where required, integrated into the family. One of the ways in which the adoptive parents may need to integrate the child’s heritage into their family is through learning and using more than one language in the home. If the child’s adoptive parents do not speak the child’s mother tongue, this may leave the child feeling alienated, and could lead to communication issues that could break down family bonds. Conversely, if the child is not taught the language of its adoptive parents, the parents  may feel a separation from the child, and that the child is not truly ‘one of them’, which would be very damaging for both the parents and the child. It is therefore important that the mother tongue of all family members is accepted in the home, and that a multilingual family culture is embraced and cultivated. If families with adopted members learn to understand, accept and embrace one another’s differences, they will be brought together and they will be able to bond on the basis of their shared humanity, rather than feel divided on the basis of their differing cultural practices. An aspect of such an embrace could manifest in the form of learning one another’s languages to break down any communication barriers that may otherwise exist. This process is a very positive one for South Africans because we live in such a culturally and linguistically diverse country. Aside from adoption, language diversity is also an important consideration in relation to Government, education, and interpersonal relationships in South Africa. When individuals communicate in general, it is important that they bear in mind the ‘cooperative principles’ of language usage. This means that both the speaker and the listener needs to be aware of possible ambiguity in sentences, and the speaker needs to be succinct and able to express himself or herself clearly. In the case of education, students who are learning in a language that is not their mother tongue may struggle to be perspicuous and this may obstruct their ability to be understood by their tutors. These students may also struggle to understand what their tutors are communicating to them, and may therefore be unable to interpret complex tasks correctly. Awareness of language diversity – and the barriers it can create – is therefore highly important in education as language, aside from intelligence, could be a deciding factor in a student’s ability to pass a course. Similar concerns also apply to the Government – who hold the burden to communicate with the entire, linguistically diverse nation competently and effectively. Government officials, and the President, must therefore be  certain that their speeches are translated accurately in all languages, as well as all legislation and legal proceedings. If certain laws passed are misunderstood, it could result in civil unrest. During legal proceedings, misunderstanding could even result unfair prosecution. On an interpersonal level, and in the work place, language diversity can be threatening and can create divides among individuals. Although people in the workplace are regularly exposed to other cultures and therefore don’t feel as threatened by them, language barriers could still prevent people from working cohesively. People who are not upper-income earners, and therefore not often exposed to other culture, may perceive the differences among cultures threating, which could in turn hinder their ability to work together in future. In conclusion I think that language diversity is an inextricable part of South African life, and it should be understood and respected by everyone. Citizens of the country should put active effort into learning how to communicate across language and cultural divides. Language diversity should not be seen as a force pushing the different cultures apart, but rather as a challenge that can be mastered in order to foster educational outcomes, political peace and work projects as well as a tool that will bring together families and friendships of all backgrounds.

Movie Essay on Cool Hand Luke

Individuals who tend to change their ideas and perspectives in relation to the others tend to show or express conformity. On the contrary, non-conformity would be the tendency of the individuals to keep their belief system and point of views even in the presence of others. This 1967 movie, which began by flashing the word â€Å"violation† in the screen, illustrates or describes how the life of a free-spirited vagabond named Lucas â€Å"Luke† Jackson stirs up the lives of others in a struggle of conformity and non-conformity in reaching an ultimate freedom. From the very beginning of the movie, the audience is already presented with non-conformity and disobedience to the law or authority. The character, Luke, was first introduced in the movie by cutting the heads off parking meters. He was obviously drunk and his actions are against the law, and thus were brought to court where he was asked to defend his side. According to the findings of Flloyd Allport’s studies, conformers usually do not make extreme judgments whenever they are in the presence of others. On the other hand, since Luke was a non-conformer, he does not deviate from his own beliefs, but rather deviates from the society. Instead of defending his self, his strong spirit remained and he told the court that he was just trying to settle up some old scores. It may suggest that he had previous problems or violations regarding parking rules, thought there were no clues given about it. His deviance irritated those in authority and caused him to be thrown in Florida prison, receiving a punishment which does not fit his crime. In the prison, he becomes part of a chain gang, and his individual life becomes entangled with the other inmate’s lives. People who are sent to prison usually tends to conform to the authority who maintains the order, however, Luke who had been a non-conformer even before being sent to the prison does not. He still continues to throw cheerful comments and all-around bravado against the authority in the prison. He always finds something wrong in the prison system and boldly states this with cheerful remarks. This type of non-conformity is opposite to the type of conformity called the â€Å"normative influence†. Instead of being afraid of disapproval by conforming to the expectations of the other inmates in the prison, Luke does not conform to their expectations. He gets the approval of the other inmates by continuing his non-conforming personality and by exceeding the expectations of his inmates. A scene in the movie shows how he raised a bet to eat 50 boiled eggs in one hour, resulting to an applause or raised fame inside the prison. His deviance and stubbornness even became more evident when he fought a boxing match with another prisoner named Dragline. He was beaten and defeated by Dragline in the match. However, he persists on not giving up and tried to stand up everytime he falls down. The match only ended when Dragline walked away from it. Such actions, stubbornness and non-conformity led to the development of conformity among other prisoners towards him. Moreover, Luke shared his experience of being a buck private during his entire service to the military when he first entered the Florida prison. He received several medals that recognize his bravery, courage and may even show his humanitarian side, while in the service. These medals did not only show his performance as a private but also gave proof of his deviance to authority. It can be thought that he does not receive any promotion or his performance is not seen by his superiors because he was having a hard time in obeying authority. On the other hand, it may also suggest that he receives promotion after receiving the medals, but gets demoted afterwards because of his non-conforming personality. The other prisoners used what they know of Luke as a standard of someone they can idolize. In addition to this, Luke’s individuality as compared to the others and his relative status in comparison with group stands out, proving that he may be someone who can be admired. Luke becomes well known in the minds of the prisoners and the authority alike by escaping several times from prison. In one of his escapes which actually took a very long time, Luke sends a magazine to his inmates or other prisoners containing a photograph. The photograph shows Luke together with two beautiful women and because of this, the inmates felt thrilled and their expectations or admiration towards Luke increased. His status in relation to the others prisoners was raised because of his competence and cunning intelligence as proved by his escapes. On the other hand, he was later on caught and because he was already notorious, the prison authorities already marked him and he was beaten severely. In one of the scenes, Lucas Jackson was even placed in â€Å"the box† to prevent him from trying to escape during the death of his mother. The authorities thought that Luke might use the death of his mother as an alibi to escape again, and the authorities do not want this to happen. They even give harder or heavier punishments to Luke as compared to the other inmates until at last, Luke’s spirit was shattered and he conforms to the authority. The veneration which the other prisoners had towards look was lost as the deviant spirit of Luke was shattered. He was treated with utmost care by his fellow inmates after he was severely beaten because of their admiration of his greatness, as proved by the picture he has sent them. However, Luke was already delirious because of the pain he had suffered and admits to the other prisoners that it was merely a fake. He even added that it cost him a lot to pay for it. By the time that Luke had recovered from his injuries, the admiration which the other prisoners had already has a crack on it and the movie shows how they kept their distance from Luke. They somehow do not believe his admission and persuaded their selves to believe falsely of his greatness. They do not want to believe the harsh reality of an individual who is being pursued by the authority. This result to a â€Å"real enforcement pressure† which somehow tells a false compliance of the prisoners to the myth they created about Luke and a false reinforcement (Centola et.al. p.1036). The punishment which was given to him by the authorities, of digging a large hole, filling and digging it up again, further decreased his fame and eventually led to a struggle to death. The prisoners felt shame everytime they were to look at Luke. Luke, who wanted to maintain the approval of his inmates and wanting a rest for his body, conformed to the authority after he collapsed from exhaustion. He was seen by the prisoners begging for mercy from the Boss or the head of the prison authority. He wanted them to stop from beating him. Such conformity finally destroyed the admiration which he gained through his deviant attitude or behavior before. His conformity to the authority led to the non-conformity of the prisoners towards Luke. A scene in the movie shows a prisoner tearing up the picture of Luke together with the two beautiful ladies. When Luke collapsed, he was no longer helped by the other prisoners and he had a hard time going to his own bed. Finally, everyone deserted him and he was again alone. Nonetheless, he mustered his strength and spirit to once again escape from prison. He was successful and this even resulted to the escape of another prisoner, Dragline. The last scenes movie took place in a church where Luke went in to resort to God. The authority, especially Dragline, tried to bring him back. However, despite the stress which was given by his current condition, he maintains his independence by disobeying and mocking the captain (Asch, p.569). The authorities disgusted with his actions, announce that it was â€Å"a failure of communication† and shot him to death. After his death, Dragline immortalized Luke by telling his legend and his blissful escapes to the other prisoners; Luke becoming an embodiment of the prisoner’s rebellious desires. If Luke had decided to return, then he would be defeated and become like the other prisoners who would need to conform to the authority in order to stay alive. However, his non-conformity led to the continuation of Luke the hero and to an ultimate, personal freedom. Luke’s death supports the thought or concept that an individual will not be able to win against the system and clearly shows the â€Å"violation† of the human spirit. References Asch, S. E. Effects of Group Pressure Upon the Modification and Distortion of Judgments. Journal of Soc. Psychology. Centola, D., Willer, R., & Macy, M. The Emperor's Dillema: A Computational Model of Self-Enforcing Norms. American Journal of Sociology. Pearce, D. (November 1, 1967). Cool Hand Luke. New York: Warner Bros.